How many types of painting media are there?

Really the painting media you could use are almost limitless. In addition to those you've listed, many artists use non-traditional media as well. You may see things like tea, coffee, blood, fabric paint, nail polish, creek water with a high tannic acid content, or ground up natural sources of pigment, such as various minerals or plant materials. If you can apply it to a canvas or paper, you can find some artist who uses it to paint with.